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initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"> <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family: "Segoe UI"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="Segoe UI">跨境电商卖家们都知道，有一些产品描述里会用到的必写词，一旦这些词被注册为商标，<br /> 可能就会遇到<a href="https://www.shuangqian.net/guojishangbiao/">商标注册</a>人的投诉和</font>TRO索赔。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">双乾国际</span><span style="font-family: "Segoe UI"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">商标</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">顾问</span><span style="font-family: "Segoe UI"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">以下列美国商标为例。<br /> <br /> <img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/240102/1-240102163T4E0.png" style="width: 600px; height: 449px;" /></span></span></p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji", BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "PingFang SC", "PingFang TC", "PingFang HK", "Microsoft Yahei", "Microsoft JhengHei"; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; white-space-collapse: preserve; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="wx_text_underline" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 2px; outline: 0px; cursor: pointer; background: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='8' height='2' viewBox='0 0 8 2' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath d='M3.25 1.5H0.75C0.335786 1.5 0 1.16421 0 0.75C0 0.335786 0.335786 0 0.75 0H3.25C3.66421 0 4 0.335786 4 0.75C4 1.16421 3.66421 1.5 3.25 1.5Z' fill='%2307C160' fill-opacity='0.5'/%3E%3C/svg%3E%0A") 0px 100% / auto 2px repeat-x transparent; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">图一中的美国商标名称“HEATLESS HAIR"，是“免加热卷发器”产品描述必写词，看起来也确实拿到<a href="https://www.shuangqian.net/guojishangbiao/">美国商标注册</a>证了，<br /> 接下来注册人对所有写了这个必写词的卖家是否可以提出投诉，卖家是否就一定面临索赔呢？</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="font-size:14px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji", BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "PingFang SC", "PingFang TC", "PingFang HK", "Microsoft Yahei", "Microsoft JhengHei"; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; white-space-collapse: preserve; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">美国商标注册的两种类型及区别</span></strong></span></p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">美国的商标注册主要分为两种类型：主要注册 (Principal Register) 和补充注册 (Supplemental Register)。<br /> 这两种类型的商标注册在权利和限制上有所不同。</span></p> <ol class="list-paddingleft-1" style="margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 1.2em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);">主要注册 (Principal Register)</span>：</span></p> <ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 1.2em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">必须是独特性的商标，即可以是任意的、奇想的或暗示性的。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">对描述性的商标，必须通过至少五年的独家和持续使用，并且已经获得了显著性（即“第二意义”），<br /> 才能注册在主要注册上。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">获得使用注册商标符号 ® 的权利。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">商标在全美享有法定的有效性和所有权的推定。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">商标被认为是在美国全境内独家使用的证据。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">在商标注册满五年后，可成为“无可争议”的，这意味着商标的有效性在非常有限的情况下才能受到挑战。</span></p> </li> </ul> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);">补充注册 (Supplemental Register)</span>：</span></p> <ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 1.2em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">不提供注册商标的有效性、所有权和全国独家使用权的初步证据。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">对于在补充注册上注册的商标，所有者必须证明商标的所有权和有效性（独特性），<br /> 并向法院证明已经在商业上足够使用该商标，从而在相关地理区域获得了可执行的普通法商标权。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">商标可以随时以任何理由受到挑战，且永远无法达到“无可争议”状态。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">同样获得使用注册商标符号 ® 的权利。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">可以作为在一些外国通过马德里协议寻求商标保护的基础。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">商标被列入美国专利商标局（USPTO）数据库，有助于公众了解您的商标并可能阻止他人采用类似的商标。</span></p> </li> <li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227);"> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="font-size:14px;">可以作为在联邦法院提起商标侵权诉讼的基础。<br /> <span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;">美国商标的主要注册和补充注册之间的区别总结如下表<br /> <img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/240102/1-24010216412Q38.png" style="width: 583px; height: 362px;" /></span></span></p> <p align="justify" class="p" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 0pt; border-width: 1pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(217, 217, 227); padding: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"> <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei UI"; letter-spacing: 0.35pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="Microsoft YaHei UI">简言之，主要注册提供更全面的保护和权益，而补充注册则适用于那些尚未获得独特性或</font><font face="Microsoft YaHei UI">“第二意义”的非独特性商标。<br /> 如果可能，最好在主要注册上注册商标以获取更广泛的保护和权利。</font></span></span><span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei UI"; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> </p> <p align="justify" class="p" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 0pt; padding: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"> <span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei UI"; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><font face="Microsoft YaHei UI">回到开头提到的美国商标，我们可以清楚地看到该商标的注册类型为</font></span><font face="Microsoft YaHei UI"><span style="font-size:14px;">“补充注册”，如下图所示。<br /> <br /> <img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/240102/1-240102164252932.png" style="width: 600px; height: 339px;" /><br /> 这种类型的注册适用于那些不具备显著性的商标，补充注册的商标所有者没有获得对该商标的独占使用权。<br /> 虽然商标所有者可以阻止他人恶意使用相似商标，但如果其他人的使用是“基于善意且不会引起消费者混淆”，<br /> 那么补充注册的商标所有者无法阻止这种使用。<br /> <strong>补充注册的美国商标如何成功注册</strong><br /> 深知元商标根据美国商标局的官方信息，整理出该7002190号美国商标注册过程：<br /> · <br /> 申请人于2020年7月21日提交了商标申请，指定了商品或服务的类别为26，商标的类型为标准字体。<br /> 商标局审查员于2020年10月14日发出了第一份审查意见，指出了以下问题：<br /> 申请人需要提供商标的使用日期，以及一份合格的商标样本，证明商标已经在商业上使用。<br /> 申请人需要提供一份声明，确认商标不是一个通用的词语，而是一个描述性的词语，因为它描述了商品或服务的特征。<br /> 申请人需要同意将商标注册在补充注册册上，而不是主要注册册上，<br /> 因为商标目前还不具有显著性，但有可能通过使用而获得显著性。<br /> 申请人于2020年12月14日回复了第一份审查意见，提供了以下信息：<br /> 申请人提供了商标的使用日期，即2020年7月21日，以及一份合格的商标样本，即一张显示商标印在卷发器包装上的照片。 <br /> 申请人提供了一份声明，确认商标是一个描述性的词语，而不是一个通用的词语，<br /> 因为它描述了一种不需要加热的卷发器或卷发配件，这是一种与商品或服务相关的特征。<br /> 申请人同意将商标注册在补充注册册上，而不是主要注册册上，以保护商标的权利，直到商标获得显著性。<br /> 商标局审查员于2021年1月5日发出了第二份审查意见，指出了以下问题：<br /> 申请人需要修改商标样本，使其更清晰地显示商标的位置和大小，以及商品或服务的名称。<br /> 申请人需要修改商品或服务的描述，使其更具体和准确，例如指明卷发器的材料和形状等。<br /> 申请人于2021年3月5日回复了第二份审查意见，提供了以下信息：<br /> 申请人提供了一份修改后的商标样本，即一张更清晰地显示商标印在卷发器包装上的照片，<br /> 以及商品或服务的名称为“HEATLESS HAIR”。<br /> 申请人提供了一份修改后的商品或服务的描述，即“Hair accessories, namely claw clips;<br /> Hair accessories namely twisters; Hair curlers non-electric other than hand implements”。<br /> 商标局审查员于2021年3月8日批准了商标的注册，并将其公告在官方公报上，供公众查看和反对。<br /> 公告期内没有收到任何有效的反对，因此商标于2023年3月14日被核准注册，颁发了注册证书。<br /> <strong>补充注册的美国商标权人可以发起TRO吗</strong><br /> 补充注册的美国商标主张TRO需要满足以下条件：<br /> 1. 申请人必须证明自己有合法的商标权利，即商标已经在商业上使用，并且能够区分商品或服务的来源。<br /> 2. 申请人必须证明自己有可能在正式审判中获胜，即被告的行为构成了对商标的侵权或不正当竞争。<br /> 3. 申请人必须证明自己会因为被告的行为而遭受不可挽回的损害，即没有其他的补救措施可以弥补损失。<br /> 4. 申请人必须证明自己的利益大于被告的利益，即颁发TRO不会对被告造成不公平的负担。<br /> 5. 申请人必须证明颁发TRO符合公共利益，即不会损害社会的秩序和安全。<br /> <br /> 所以补充注册的美国商标权人可以发起TRO吗？一般来说很难。</span></font></span><br /> <span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei UI"; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </li> </ul> </li> </ol> <p align="justify" class="p" style="margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"> <br /> <span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei UI"; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12pt; background-image: 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